Elders (Shepherds, Overseers)
The New Testament teaches that each congregation is to be led by elders, also called shepherds or overseers (Acts 20:28; 1 Peter 5:1–4). These terms describe their work:
- Elders — spiritually mature men
- Shepherds — caring for and guiding the flock
- Overseers — watching over the congregation’s spiritual well‑being
Elders are responsible for:
- Teaching and guarding sound doctrine
- Leading by example
- Encouraging and protecting the flock
- Making decisions for the local congregation
- Watching for the souls under their care (Hebrews 13:17)
Elders do not rule over other congregations, nor do they form regional or national boards. Their authority is limited to the local church they serve.
Deacons
Deacons are servants appointed by the congregation to assist with specific works of the church (Philippians 1:1; 1 Timothy 3:8–13). Their role is practical, supportive, and essential to the orderly functioning of the congregation.
Deacons:
- Serve under the oversight of the elders
- Carry out assigned responsibilities
- Support the church’s mission
- Demonstrate faithfulness and integrity
Their work allows elders to focus on spiritual leadership and teaching.
Evangelists
Evangelists are ministers of the gospel who preach and teach the Word of God (2 Timothy 4:2). Their primary task is to proclaim the message of Christ and help strengthen the church through sound teaching.
Evangelists:
- Preach the gospel publicly and privately
- Teach the Scriptures
- Encourage spiritual growth
- Refute error
- Support the work of elders
Evangelists do not hold authority over congregations. Their work is centered on the ministry of the Word.
Members
Every Christian is a member of the body of Christ (1 Corinthians 12:27). Members are not spectators—they are active participants in the life and work of the church.
Members are called to:
- Worship faithfully
- Grow in knowledge and holiness
- Serve others
- Support the work of the church
- Live as examples of Christ in the world
Each member has a role, and every role is important (Romans 12:4–8). The strength of a congregation depends on the faithfulness of its members.
Biblical Qualifications for Leadership
The New Testament provides clear qualifications for elders and deacons. These qualifications ensure that leaders are spiritually mature, trustworthy, and capable of guiding the church.
Elders (1 Timothy 3:1–7; Titus 1:5–9)
Elders must be:
- Above reproach
- The husband of one wife
- Temperate, self‑controlled, and hospitable
- Able to teach
- Not violent or greedy
- Good managers of their household
- Mature in the faith
- Respected by outsiders
They must also hold firmly to the faithful Word so they can encourage sound doctrine and refute error.
Deacons (1 Timothy 3:8–13)
Deacons must be:
- Reverent and sincere
- Not double‑tongued
- Not greedy
- Faithful in conscience
- Tested and proven
- Good managers of their household
Their wives (or women serving in supportive roles) must also be reverent and trustworthy.
These qualifications protect the church and ensure that leadership reflects the character of Christ.